Miner&#39;s pocket-transit.



' Patented Nov. 4, I902. J. H. TBERISE.

I MINERS POCKET TRANSIT.

(Applicafiiop filed MayG, 1902.) (No Model.) l

witnesses a Wow/nu e UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSIAH H. TRERISE, OF BUTTE, MONTANA.

MINERS 4 POCKET-TRANSIT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 712,869, dated November4, 1902. Application filed May 16, 1902. enial No. 107,679. (No model.)

To LLZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSIAH H. TRERISE, a citizen of the UnitedStates,residing at Butte, in the county of Silverbow, State of Montana,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in MinersPocket-Transits, of which the following is a description, referencebeing ha'd'to the accompanying drawings and to the figures of referencemarked thereon.

My invention relates to surveying instru-' ments, particularly thatclass of surveying instruments which are adapted for use in mines; andit is the object of my invention to provide an instrument superior toand more reliable than any known to myself, by which any person skilledin surveying may measure any angle on, above, or below thehoriz'ontal, land may obtain simultaneously a compass reading, the instrument beingcompact and inexpensive and of such size as to be capable of beingcarried in the pocket.

With this object in view my invention consists in the construction andcombination of elements hereinafter described, and particularly pointedout in the claims.

So far as I am aware no small instrument capable of being carried in thepocket, adapted for taking both horizontal and vertical angles withsimultaneous reading of the compass, has hitherto been produced.Instruments for taking vertical angles and clinometer-readings are ingeneral use, but, so far as I am aware, no successful attempt has beenmade heretofore to combine such instruments with a compass, by which thecourse of any sight between a vertical and horizontal can be readsimultaneously.

In the device herein described, which I term a miners pocket-transit, Ihave provided,

Referring to the drawings in detail, 1 is the casing, provided with acover 2 of transparent material and having at its center a pivot 3, onwhich the magnetic needle 4 swings. A locking-lever 5 of usualconstruction, operated by a thumb-screw 6, serves to lift the neediefrom its pivot and clamp it against the cover 2 when the. instrument isnot in use. 7 is the degree circle, suitably divided, preferably to onedegree.

To the casing 1 are secured oppositely-arranged blocks 8, having theirinner faces curved to fit the casing and having their outer facesparallel. To these blocks 8, at diametrically opposite points, arepivoted arms 9 9, which are rigidly connected by cross-bar 10. One ofthe blocks Sis provided with a springcatch 11, arranged to engage thearm 9 when in raised position to hold it perpendicular to the plane ofthe casingl.

On the cross-bar 10 is located a spirit-level 12 of usual construction.

To the end of one of the arms 9 is hinged a sighting-arm 13, made in twoparts, jointed at 14. At each end the sighting-arm is provided withfolding sights 15, consisting of arms hinged to the sighting-arm andeach provided with sight-openings 16 and 17, so arranged that sights maybe taken in either direction. To the sighting arm, near the point atwhichit is hinged to the arm 9, is secured a vertical'limb 1S, suitablygraduated, as shown, and to the cross-bar 10 is secured a Vernier 19.

Concentric with the pivot of the compassneedle the casing 1 is providedon its under side with a ring 20, having recess 21 in its inner face. Acircular plate 22 is arranged against the bottom of the casing with itsedge lying in the recess 21, and to this plate 22 is secured adisk 23,having its flange 24in contact with the under face of the bottom of thecasing. The periphery of this disk 23 is in contact with the inner facesof the blocks 8, which, as shown, are extended below the bottom ofthecasing 1. The disk 23 is provided centrally with a screw-threadedopening 24 to receive the screw-threaded end of a Jacobs staff 25, whendesired. The connection of the disk 23 with the casing, as abovedescribed, permits the free rotation of the casing and disk relative toeach other, when desired, and the casing and disk are provided on theirouter edges, respectively, one with graduations 26 and the other withVernier 27. The width of the arms 9 is preferably equal to the depth ofthe casing 1 and disk 23, so that when folded for transportation theverlical limb 18 will rest on the top of the casing, as shown.

In folding the instrument for transportation the folding sights 15 areturned on their hinges to rest on the sighting-arm, and thissighting-arm is then folded on the joint 14 and turned on the hingewhich connects it with the arm 9 so that its free end will rest on theopposite arm 9. The spring-catch 11 is then pressed inward and the armsDare turned on theirpivots until they are parallel with the top andbottom of the casing, as shown in Fig. 1. \Vhen so folded, theinstrument may be readily carried in the pocket, either with or withoutan inclosing case.

In order to use the instrument as a compass, itis not necessary to raisethe arm 9, as practically the full face of the compass is exposed. Whenthe instrument is fully unfolded and leveled by the aid of a Jacobsstaff or otherwise, clinometer-readings may be made on the vertical limb1S, assisted by the Vernier l9, and the course of the horizontal anglemay be taken simultaneously. The sighting-arm 13 being hinged at its endto the arm 9, the course of a nearly-vertical sight may be taken.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desireto secure byLetters Patent, is-

1. In asurveying instrument, the combination of a compass-casing, a pairof arms having thei 1' lower ends pi votally connected to the casing atdiametrically opposite points and havingtheir upper ends rigidlyconnected, and a sighting-arm hinged to one of said arms on a line atrightangles to the'diameter joining the points at which the arms arepivotally connected to thecasing; substantially as described.

2. In a surveying instrument, the combination of a compass-casing, apair of arms having their lower ends pivotally connected to the casingat diametrically opposite points and having their upper ends rigidlyconnected, and a sighting-arm hinged to one of said arms on a line atright angles to the diameter joining the points at which the arms arepivotally connected to the casing, andaspiritlevel carried by said arms;substantially as described.

3. In a surveying instrument, the combination of a compass-casing, apair of arms having their lower ends pivotally connected to the casingat diametrically opposite points and having their upper ends rigidlyconnected, and a sighting-arm hinged to one of said arms on a line atright angles to the diameter joining the points at which the arms arepivotally connected to the casing, and a spiritlevel carried by saidarms, the sighting-arm being provided at each end with a hinged sight;substantially as described.

4. In a surveying instrument, the combination of a compass-easing, apair of arms having their lower ends pivotally connected to the casingat diametrically opposite points and having their upper ends rigidlyconnected, and a sighting-arm hinged to one of said arms on a line atright angles to the diameter joining the points at which the arms arepivotally connected to the casing, the sighting-arm being providedmidway of its length withahinge-joint; substantiallyas described.

5. In a surveying instrument, the combination of a compass-casing, apair of arms having their lower ends pivotally connected to the casingat diametrically opposite points, a cross-bar rigidly connecting thearms near their outer ends, a sighting-arm so hinged to one of the armsas to be movable in the plane of the cross-bar, a vertical limb carriedby the sighting-arm and a Vernier carried by the cross-bar;substantially as described.

6. In a surveying instrument, the combination of a compass-casing, apair of arms pivotally connected at their lower ends to the casing atdiametrically opposite points and adapted to be brought into the planeof the casing, a crossbar rigidly connecting the arms near their outerends, a sighting-arm' hinged to the end of one of said arms and adaptedto lie against the end of the other arm when in folded position, thesighting-arm being provided at its ends with inwardlyfolding sights;substantially as described.

' 7. Inasurveyinginstrument, the combina tion of a compass-casing, apair of arms pivotally connected at their lower ends to the casing atdiametrically opposite points and adapted to be brought into the planeof the casing, a cross-bar rigidly connecting the arms near their outerends, a sighting-arm hinged to the end of one of said arms and adaptedto lie against the end of the other arm when in folded position, thesighting-arm being provided midway of its length with a hinge-joint andbeing provided at its ends withinwardly-folding sights; substantially asdescribed.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOSIAH H. TRERISE. Witnesses:

J. M. KENNEDY, JAs. M. DENNY.

